What term describes the deformation that occurs at the outer frames of rail during a collision?

The term that describes the deformation occurring at the outer frames of a rail during a collision is 'mash.' This term is typically used in the context of structural damage, particularly in scenarios involving collisions, where components may experience severe localized deformation. In rail systems, when a collision happens, the forces can lead to the deformation of the rail sections, resulting in a condition where the material appears to have been pressed or compressed, which is described as "mashing."

This term reflects the nature of the damage, which is not just a superficial dent but indicates more substantial deformation that can affect the integrity and safety of the rail system. Understanding this specific term helps differentiate the types of damage that can occur during collisions, which is essential for assessments and repair strategies in structural analysis and damage repair contexts.